Description

Calcium Sulphate BP (British Pharmacopoeia) is a chemical compound with the formula CaSO₄. It occurs as a white or colorless powder and is commonly known in its hydrated forms, such as gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O) and anhydrite (CaSO₄). In pharmaceutical and laboratory contexts, it is often referred to specifically as “Calcium Sulphate BP” to denote its compliance with British Pharmacopoeia standards.

Properties

• Chemical Structure: The anhydrous form (calcium sulfate) has a molecular weight of approximately 136.14 g/mol.
• Solubility: Calcium sulfate is only slightly soluble in water (about 0.2 g per 100 mL at 20°C), which makes it useful in applications requiring a stable compound.
• Hydration States: It can exist in several forms, including:
• Gypsum: The dihydrate form (CaSO₄·2H₂O), which is a soft mineral.
• Anhydrite: The anhydrous form (CaSO₄), which is harder and less soluble.

Pharmaceutical Applications

Calcium Sulphate BP is utilized in various pharmaceutical and medical applications, including:

1. Pharmaceutical Excipients:
• Filler and Binder: It is commonly used as a filler and binder in tablets and capsules, helping to create bulk and stability in formulations.
• Inert Ingredient: Calcium sulfate is often used as an inert ingredient in various pharmaceutical preparations, enhancing the formulation’s physical properties.
2. Bone Grafting:
• Orthopedic Use: Calcium sulfate can be used in bone grafting and regeneration procedures due to its biocompatibility and ability to promote bone growth.
3. Dental Applications:
• Dental Materials: It is employed in certain dental materials, including impressions and casts, for its properties that help provide accurate molds and forms.
4. Desiccant:
• Moisture Absorption: Calcium sulfate can be used as a desiccant, absorbing moisture in pharmaceutical packaging to maintain the stability of sensitive products.
5. Surgical Applications:
• Hemostatic Agent: It can be used in some surgical procedures to help control bleeding, as it promotes clotting.

Industrial Applications

Beyond its pharmaceutical uses, Calcium Sulphate BP also finds applications in several industrial sectors:

1. Construction:
• Plaster and Gypsum Board: Calcium sulfate is a key ingredient in plaster, drywall, and gypsum board, providing structural support and fire resistance.
• Cement Production: It is used in the manufacture of certain types of cement, particularly in controlling the setting time.
2. Agriculture:
• Soil Amendment: Calcium sulfate is applied as a soil conditioner to improve soil structure and drainage, particularly in clay soils.
• Nutrient Source: It serves as a source of calcium and sulfur, essential nutrients for plant growth.
3. Food Industry:
• Coagulant: It is used in some food processing applications, such as tofu production, as a coagulant.

Safety and Handling

Calcium Sulphate BP is generally regarded as safe when used appropriately. However, as with any chemical substance, it should be handled with care:

• Eye and Skin Irritation: Direct contact may cause irritation, so protective equipment should be worn when handling.
• Inhalation: Avoid inhaling dust; use appropriate respiratory protection in dusty environments.

Conclusion

Calcium Sulphate BP is a versatile compound with a wide range of applications in pharmaceuticals, construction, agriculture, and various industrial sectors. Its properties as a filler, binder, and soil conditioner, along with its biocompatibility, make it a valuable ingredient in many formulations and processes.