Activated carbon, also known as activated charcoal, is a form of carbon processed to have small, low-volume pores that increase the surface area available for adsorption or chemical reactions. Activated carbon is widely used in various industrial, commercial, and environmental applications due to its high adsorption capacity and versatility. Here are some common uses of activated carbon:

1. Water and air purification: Activated carbon is commonly used in water treatment systems and air purification systems to remove impurities, contaminants, odors, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). It can effectively adsorb a wide range of pollutants, including chlorine, organic chemicals, and heavy metals, from water and air.

2. Gas masks and respirators: Activated carbon is an essential component in gas masks and respirators used by firefighters, industrial workers, and military personnel for protection against harmful gases, fumes, and airborne particles. The activated carbon filters help trap and neutralize toxic substances.

3. Environmental remediation: Activated carbon is used in environmental remediation efforts to treat contaminated soil and groundwater. It can adsorb and remove organic pollutants, pesticides, solvents, and other harmful substances from the environment.

4. Food and beverage industry: Activated carbon is used in the food and beverage industry for decolorization, deodorization, and purification of food products and beverages. It helps in removing impurities, off-flavors, and contaminants from liquids such as sugar syrups, alcoholic beverages, and edible oils.

5. Pharmaceutical and medical applications: Activated carbon is used in pharmaceuticals and medical applications for the treatment of poisoning and drug overdoses. It can adsorb toxins and drugs in the gastrointestinal tract, preventing their absorption into the bloodstream.

6. Gold recovery: Activated carbon is used in the extraction of gold from cyanide solutions in the mining industry. The activated carbon adsorbs the gold from the solution, allowing for efficient recovery of the precious metal.

7. Chemical and petrochemical industry: Activated carbon is used in various processes in the chemical and petrochemical industry for purification, separation, and recovery of chemicals and solvents.

These are just a few examples of the diverse applications of activated carbon across different industries. Its high adsorption capacity and effectiveness make it a valuable material for various purification and remediation processes.